9RU7 image
Deposition Date 2025-07-03
Release Date 2026-05-13
Last Version Date 2026-07-15
Entry Detail
PDB ID:
9RU7
Keywords:
Title:
WT-HEK 80S ribosome bound to Kozak mRNA (WT-Kozak)
Biological Source:
Source Organism(s):
Homo sapiens (Taxon ID: 9606)
Method Details:
Experimental Method:
Resolution:
3.00 Å
Aggregation State:
PARTICLE
Reconstruction Method:
SINGLE PARTICLE
Macromolecular Entities
Polymer Type:polyribonucleotide
Molecule:28S rRNA
Chain IDs:C (auth: L5)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polyribonucleotide
Molecule:5S rRNA
Chain IDs:UA (auth: L7)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polyribonucleotide
Molecule:5.8S rRNA
Chain IDs:B (auth: L8)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Large ribosomal subunit prote
Gene (Uniprot):RPL8
Chain IDs:D (auth: LA)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Large ribosomal subunit prote
Gene (Uniprot):RPL3
Chain IDs:E (auth: LB)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L4
Gene (Uniprot):RPL4
Chain IDs:F (auth: LC)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L5
Gene (Uniprot):RPL5
Chain IDs:R (auth: LD)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Large ribosomal subunit prote
Gene (Uniprot):RPL6
Chain IDs:I (auth: LE)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Large ribosomal subunit prote
Gene (Uniprot):RPL7
Chain IDs:FA (auth: LF)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L7a
Gene (Uniprot):RPL7A
Chain IDs:J (auth: LG)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L9
Gene (Uniprot):RPL9, RPL9P7, RPL9P8, RPL9P9
Chain IDs:H (auth: LH)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L10
Gene (Uniprot):RPL10
Chain IDs:Q (auth: LI)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L11
Gene (Uniprot):RPL11
Chain IDs:G (auth: LJ)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L13
Gene (Uniprot):RPL13
Chain IDs:L (auth: LL)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Large ribosomal subunit prote
Gene (Uniprot):RPL14
Chain IDs:N (auth: LM)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L15
Gene (Uniprot):RPL15
Chain IDs:P (auth: LN)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L13a
Gene (Uniprot):RPL13A
Chain IDs:K (auth: LO)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Large ribosomal subunit prote
Gene (Uniprot):RPL17
Chain IDs:W (auth: LP)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L18
Gene (Uniprot):RPL18
Chain IDs:S (auth: LQ)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L19
Gene (Uniprot):RPL19
Chain IDs:T (auth: LR)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L18a
Gene (Uniprot):RPL18A
Chain IDs:U (auth: LS)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L21
Gene (Uniprot):RPL21
Chain IDs:V (auth: LT)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L22
Gene (Uniprot):RPL22
Chain IDs:X (auth: LU)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L23
Gene (Uniprot):RPL23
Chain IDs:M (auth: LV)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L24
Gene (Uniprot):RPL24
Chain IDs:AA (auth: LW)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L23a
Gene (Uniprot):RPL23A
Chain IDs:Y (auth: LX)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L26
Gene (Uniprot):RPL26
Chain IDs:Z (auth: LY)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L27
Gene (Uniprot):RPL27
Chain IDs:BA (auth: LZ)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Large ribosomal subunit prote
Gene (Uniprot):RPL27A
Chain IDs:O (auth: La)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Large ribosomal subunit prote
Gene (Uniprot):RPL29
Chain IDs:EA (auth: Lb)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L30
Gene (Uniprot):RPL30
Chain IDs:GA (auth: Lc)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L31
Gene (Uniprot):RPL31
Chain IDs:HA (auth: Ld)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Large ribosomal subunit prote
Gene (Uniprot):RPL32
Chain IDs:IA (auth: Le)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Large ribosomal subunit prote
Gene (Uniprot):RPL35A
Chain IDs:JA (auth: Lf)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Large ribosomal subunit prote
Gene (Uniprot):RPL34
Chain IDs:KA (auth: Lg)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L35
Gene (Uniprot):RPL35
Chain IDs:DA (auth: Lh)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L36
Gene (Uniprot):RPL36
Chain IDs:LA (auth: Li)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Large ribosomal subunit prote
Gene (Uniprot):RPL37
Chain IDs:MA (auth: Lj)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L38
Gene (Uniprot):RPL38
Chain IDs:NA (auth: Lk)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L39
Gene (Uniprot):RPL39
Chain IDs:OA (auth: Ll)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Ubiquitin-ribosomal protein e
Gene (Uniprot):UBA52
Chain IDs:PA (auth: Lm)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L41
Gene (Uniprot):RPL41
Chain IDs:QA (auth: Ln)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Large ribosomal subunit prote
Gene (Uniprot):RPL36A
Chain IDs:RA (auth: Lo)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Large ribosomal subunit prote
Gene (Uniprot):RPL37A
Chain IDs:SA (auth: Lp)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:60S ribosomal protein L28
Gene (Uniprot):RPL28
Chain IDs:CA (auth: Lr)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polyribonucleotide
Molecule:P-site tRNA
Chain IDs:TA (auth: Pt)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polyribonucleotide
Molecule:18S rRNA
Chain IDs:WB (auth: S2)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polyribonucleotide
Molecule:E-site tRNA
Chain IDs:YB (auth: S6)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein SA
Gene (Uniprot):RPSA
Chain IDs:VA (auth: SA)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S3a
Gene (Uniprot):RPS3A
Chain IDs:WA (auth: SB)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S2
Gene (Uniprot):RPS2
Chain IDs:LB (auth: SC)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S3
Gene (Uniprot):RPS3
Chain IDs:AC (auth: SD)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Small ribosomal subunit prote
Gene (Uniprot):RPS4X
Chain IDs:XA (auth: SE)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S5
Gene (Uniprot):RPS5
Chain IDs:YA (auth: SF)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S6
Gene (Uniprot):RPS6
Chain IDs:MB (auth: SG)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S7
Gene (Uniprot):RPS7
Chain IDs:ZA (auth: SH)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S8
Gene (Uniprot):RPS8
Chain IDs:AB (auth: SI)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S9
Gene (Uniprot):RPS9
Chain IDs:NB (auth: SJ)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S10
Gene (Uniprot):RPS10
Chain IDs:BB (auth: SK)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S11
Gene (Uniprot):RPS11
Chain IDs:CB (auth: SL)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S12
Gene (Uniprot):RPS12
Chain IDs:BC (auth: SM)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S13
Gene (Uniprot):RPS13
Chain IDs:OB (auth: SN)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S14
Gene (Uniprot):RPS14
Chain IDs:PB (auth: SO)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S15
Gene (Uniprot):RPS15
Chain IDs:A (auth: SP)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S16
Gene (Uniprot):RPS16
Chain IDs:DB (auth: SQ)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S17
Gene (Uniprot):RPS17
Chain IDs:CC (auth: SR)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S18
Gene (Uniprot):RPS18
Chain IDs:EB (auth: SS)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S19
Gene (Uniprot):RPS19
Chain IDs:FB (auth: ST)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S20
Gene (Uniprot):RPS20
Chain IDs:GB (auth: SU)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S21
Gene (Uniprot):RPS21
Chain IDs:HB (auth: SV)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S15a
Gene (Uniprot):RPS15A
Chain IDs:QB (auth: SW)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S23
Gene (Uniprot):RPS23
Chain IDs:IB (auth: SX)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S24
Gene (Uniprot):RPS24
Chain IDs:RB (auth: SY)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S25
Gene (Uniprot):RPS25
Chain IDs:SB (auth: SZ)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S26
Gene (Uniprot):RPS26
Chain IDs:VB (auth: Sa)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Small ribosomal subunit prote
Gene (Uniprot):RPS27
Chain IDs:TB (auth: Sb)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S28
Gene (Uniprot):RPS28
Chain IDs:JB (auth: Sc)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:40S ribosomal protein S29
Gene (Uniprot):RPS29
Chain IDs:KB (auth: Sd)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Ubiquitin-like FUBI-ribosomal
Gene (Uniprot):FAU
Chain IDs:UB (auth: Se)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Ubiquitin
Gene (Uniprot):RPS27A
Chain IDs:DC (auth: Sf)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Receptor of activated protein
Gene (Uniprot):RACK1
Chain IDs:ZB (auth: Sg)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polyribonucleotide
Molecule:Kozak mRNA
Chain IDs:XB (auth: mR)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Modified Residue
Compound ID Chain ID Parent Comp ID Details 2D Image
HIC E HIS modified residue
M3L PA LYS modified residue
MLZ EA LYS modified residue
V5N D HIS modified residue
Primary Citation
Structural and molecular basis of specialized translation mediated by the ribosome mRNA-binding channel.
Nat Commun 17 ? ? (2026)
PMID: 42056121 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-026-72263-5

Abstact

The ribosome mRNA channel is central to translation, yet its role in regulatory mechanisms remains unclear. Using cryo-EM of human ribosomal complexes bound to Kozak and TISU mRNAs from wild-type (WT) and RPS26/eS26 mutant (RPS26dC) cells, we demonstrate that both RPS26/eS26 and mRNA adopt distinct conformations, explaining the opposing effects of RPS26dC on their activity. Translatome studies of WT and RPS26dC reveal AUG-context-dependent changes in 48S and 80S initiation complexes and slower scanning. Downregulated mRNAs are enriched for specific AUG-upstream nucleotides and a -1-cytosine contacting 18S rRNA G1207, an interaction lost in RPS26dC. Strongly affected transcripts include replication-dependent histones, which, despite short 5'UTRs and suboptimal Kozak, exhibit robust translation activity that is RPS26/eS26-dependent. We identify a translational enhancer in the H2B 5'UTR (-16 to -9) overlapping predicted RPS26/eS26-binding sites, with a distinct ribosome-bound conformation. Exploiting these features, we engineered a high-efficiency translational cassette with minimal leaky scanning. These findings underscore the role of the ribosome's mRNA channel in selective translation and its therapeutic potential.

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Primary Citation of related structures
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