9PSI image
Deposition Date 2025-07-25
Release Date 2026-02-18
Last Version Date 2026-08-12
Entry Detail
PDB ID:
9PSI
Keywords:
Title:
In situ structure of the human mitoribosome in the A-P-E state from TACO1-knockout cells
Biological Source:
Source Organism(s):
Homo sapiens (Taxon ID: 9606)
Method Details:
Experimental Method:
Resolution:
3.12 Å
Aggregation State:
PARTICLE
Reconstruction Method:
SINGLE PARTICLE
Macromolecular Entities
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L32, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL32
Chain IDs:A (auth: 0)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L33, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL33
Chain IDs:B (auth: 1)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L34, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL34
Chain IDs:C (auth: 2)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L35, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL35
Chain IDs:D (auth: 3)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L36, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL36
Chain IDs:E (auth: 4)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L37, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL37
Chain IDs:F (auth: 5)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L38, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL38
Chain IDs:G (auth: 6)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L39, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL39
Chain IDs:H (auth: 7)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L40, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL40
Chain IDs:I (auth: 8)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L41, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL41
Chain IDs:J (auth: 9)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polyribonucleotide
Molecule:16S mitochondrial rRNA
Chain IDs:K (auth: A)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Small ribosomal subunit prote
Gene (Uniprot):MRPS34
Chain IDs:XB (auth: A0)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S35, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPS35
Chain IDs:YB (auth: A1)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Small ribosomal subunit prote
Gene (Uniprot):CHCHD1
Chain IDs:LC (auth: A2)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Aurora kinase A-interacting p
Gene (Uniprot):AURKAIP1
Chain IDs:ZB (auth: A3)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Pentatricopeptide repeat doma
Gene (Uniprot):PTCD3
Chain IDs:JC (auth: A4)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polyribonucleotide
Molecule:12S mitochondrial rRNA
Chain IDs:CC (auth: AA)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S2, mit
Gene (Uniprot):MRPS2
Chain IDs:CB (auth: AB)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S24, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPS24
Chain IDs:DB (auth: AC)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S5, mit
Gene (Uniprot):MRPS5
Chain IDs:EB (auth: AD)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S6, mit
Gene (Uniprot):MRPS6
Chain IDs:FB (auth: AE)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S7, mit
Gene (Uniprot):MRPS7
Chain IDs:GB (auth: AF)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S9, mit
Gene (Uniprot):MRPS9
Chain IDs:HB (auth: AG)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S10, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPS10
Chain IDs:IB (auth: AH)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S11, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPS11
Chain IDs:DC (auth: AI)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S12, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPS12
Chain IDs:JB (auth: AJ)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S14, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPS14
Chain IDs:KB (auth: AK)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S15, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPS15
Chain IDs:LB (auth: AL)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S16, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPS16
Chain IDs:MB (auth: AM)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S17, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPS17
Chain IDs:NB (auth: AN)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S18b, m
Gene (Uniprot):MRPS18B
Chain IDs:OB (auth: AO)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S18c, m
Gene (Uniprot):MRPS18C
Chain IDs:PB (auth: AP)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Small ribosomal subunit prote
Gene (Uniprot):MRPS21
Chain IDs:MC (auth: AQ)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S22, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPS22
Chain IDs:QB (auth: AR)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S23, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPS23
Chain IDs:RB (auth: AS)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S25, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPS25
Chain IDs:SB (auth: AT)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S26, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPS26
Chain IDs:TB (auth: AU)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S27, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPS27
Chain IDs:UB (auth: AV)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S28, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPS28
Chain IDs:VB (auth: AW)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S29, mi
Gene (Uniprot):DAP3
Chain IDs:KC (auth: AX)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S31, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPS31
Chain IDs:BC (auth: AY)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:28S ribosomal protein S33, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPS33
Chain IDs:WB (auth: AZ)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polyribonucleotide
Molecule:A/A-tRNA
Chain IDs:IC (auth: Aw)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polyribonucleotide
Molecule:P/P-tRNA
Chain IDs:GC (auth: Ax)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polyribonucleotide
Molecule:E/E-tRNA
Chain IDs:HC (auth: Ay)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polyribonucleotide
Molecule:mRNA
Chain IDs:AC (auth: Az)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polyribonucleotide
Molecule:mitochondrial tRNAVal
Chain IDs:NC (auth: B)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L2, mit
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL2
Chain IDs:L (auth: D)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L3, mit
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL3
Chain IDs:M (auth: E)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L4, mit
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL4
Chain IDs:N (auth: F)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L9, mit
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL9
Chain IDs:O (auth: H)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L10, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL10
Chain IDs:P (auth: I)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L11, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL11
Chain IDs:Q (auth: J)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Large ribosomal subunit prote
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL13
Chain IDs:R (auth: K)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L14, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL14
Chain IDs:S (auth: L)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L15, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL15
Chain IDs:T (auth: M)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L16, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL16
Chain IDs:U (auth: N)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L17, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL17
Chain IDs:V (auth: O)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Mitochondrial inner membrane
Gene (Uniprot):OXA1L
Chain IDs:EC (auth: OX)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L18, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL18
Chain IDs:W (auth: P)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L19, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL19
Chain IDs:X (auth: Q)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L20, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL20
Chain IDs:Y (auth: R)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L21, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL21
Chain IDs:Z (auth: S)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L22, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL22
Chain IDs:AA (auth: T)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L23, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL23
Chain IDs:BA (auth: U)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L24, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL24
Chain IDs:HA (auth: V)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L27, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL27
Chain IDs:CA (auth: W)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L28, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL28
Chain IDs:DA (auth: X)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L47, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL47
Chain IDs:EA (auth: Y)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L30, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL30
Chain IDs:FA (auth: Z)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L42, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL42
Chain IDs:FC (auth: a)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L43, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL43
Chain IDs:IA (auth: b)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L44, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL44
Chain IDs:YA (auth: c)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L45, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL45
Chain IDs:JA (auth: d)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L46, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL46
Chain IDs:KA (auth: e)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L48, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL48
Chain IDs:ZA (auth: f)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L49, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL49
Chain IDs:LA (auth: g)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L50, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL50
Chain IDs:MA (auth: h)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L51, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL51
Chain IDs:NA (auth: i)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L52, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL52
Chain IDs:OA (auth: j)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Large ribosomal subunit prote
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL53
Chain IDs:PA (auth: k)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L54, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL54
Chain IDs:QA (auth: l)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L55, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL55
Chain IDs:RA (auth: m)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Nascent polypeptide
Chain IDs:SA (auth: n)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Ribosomal protein 63, mitocho
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL57
Chain IDs:TA (auth: o)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase ICT1,
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL58
Chain IDs:AB (auth: p)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Growth arrest and DNA damage-
Gene (Uniprot):GADD45GIP1
Chain IDs:UA (auth: q)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein S18a, m
Gene (Uniprot):MRPS18A
Chain IDs:VA (auth: r)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein S30, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPS30
Chain IDs:BB (auth: s)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:39S ribosomal protein L12, mi
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL12
Chain IDs:WA (auth: t), XA (auth: u)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:2
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Polymer Type:polypeptide(L)
Molecule:Large ribosomal subunit prote
Gene (Uniprot):MRPL1
Chain IDs:GA (auth: z)
Chain Length:0
Number of Molecules:1
Biological Source:Homo sapiens
Modified Residue
Compound ID Chain ID Parent Comp ID Details 2D Image
1MA K A modified residue
2MG NC G modified residue
5MC CC C modified residue
5MU CC U modified residue
B8T CC C modified residue
MA6 CC A modified residue
OMG K G modified residue
OMU K U modified residue
PSU K U modified residue
Primary Citation
Structural basis of TACO1-mediated efficient mitochondrial translation.
Nat Commun 17 ? ? (2026)
PMID: 41663403 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-026-69156-y

Abstact

Translation elongation is a universally conserved step in protein synthesis, relying on elongation factors that engage the ribosomal L7/L12 stalk to mediate aminoacyl-tRNA delivery, accommodation, and ribosomal translocation. Using in organello cryo-electron microscopy, we reveal how the mitochondrial translation accelerator TACO1 promotes efficient elongation on human mitoribosomes. TACO1 binds the mitoribosomal region typically bound by elongation factor Tu (mtEF-Tu), bridging the large and small subunits via contacts with 16S rRNA, bL12m, A-site tRNA, and uS12m. While active throughout elongation, TACO1 is especially critical when translating polyproline motifs. Its absence prolongs mtEF-Tu residence in A/T states, causes persistent mitoribosomal stalling and premature subunit dissociation. Structural analyses indicate that TACO1 competes with mtEF-Tu for mitoribosome binding, stabilizes A-site tRNA, and enhances peptidyl transfer through a mechanism distinct from EF-P and eIF5A. These findings suggest that bacterial TACO1 orthologs may serve analogous roles, highlighting an evolutionarily conserved strategy for maintaining elongation efficiency during challenging translation events.

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Chemical

Disease

Primary Citation of related structures
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